COCULA, JALISCO.
In Cocula is the temple of St. Michael Archangel built in the XVII century and modified in1930, as well as the Convent of the Immaculate and the Temple of Ascension.
It also has the old haciendas of La Sauceda, La Cofradia and San Diego. Emphasizes the development of harness and the charro suit.
It also has the old haciendas of La Sauceda, La Cofradia and San Diego. Emphasizes the development of harness and the charro suit.
One of the most important haciendas is the former Hacienda de Cofradia de la Luz thisland is located approximately 15 kilometers from the city of Cocula, seat of municipal government on which depends this delegation. The origin of this property dates back to 1577, when the Viceroy Martin Enriquez de Almanza gave the grant to Isabel Caballón "a place for livestock between Cocula and Acatlan, in t he Avalos province, near la Higuera, where born three springs, bordered with acres of land given to her sister Angela on that date." There is no news about this large estate until about 1844, when Luis Vizcarra and his wife Manuela were the owners of the land and whom we owe properly the foundation of the hacienda called "La Cofradía de la Luz in honor of his daughter, Luz" .[1]
In prehispanic times, is said that Cocula took the name "Cocollán" or "Cocolán" which means "place of waves" or "place that moves at the top". Was independent chiefdom that taxed the people of Santa Ana Acatlán, Villa Corona or Tizapanito, Tecolotlán and Xilotepetque villages that were Tenamaxtlán and Atengo and small towns with their subdued. Now as in the time of the evangelists, Cocula is divided into four districts: San Juan, SanPedroSantiago and La Ascención. In the late XVIII century on this site was established a wealthy miner Don Francisco Javier Vizcarra who received the mercy of the Spanish Crown of Marquis of Panuco. The Marquis took the Hacienda de la Sauceda that had belonged to the Jesuits until their expulsion. Currently, this hacienda is a museum exhibiting some of the personal property of this family. In 1825 Cocula and City Hall and in 1833 he was granted the title of city. In 1846 Cocula is head of one of the 28 departments of the State of Jalisco. In 1885 Cocula was named as a political directorship comprising Tecolotlán, Juchitan and Tizapanito towns.[2]
In prehispanic times, is said that Cocula took the name "Cocollán" or "Cocolán" which means "place of waves" or "place that moves at the top". Was independent chiefdom that taxed the people of Santa Ana Acatlán, Villa Corona or Tizapanito, Tecolotlán and Xilotepetque villages that were Tenamaxtlán and Atengo and small towns with their subdued. Now as in the time of the evangelists, Cocula is divided into four districts: San Juan, SanPedroSantiago and La Ascención. In the late XVIII century on this site was established a wealthy miner Don Francisco Javier Vizcarra who received the mercy of the Spanish Crown of Marquis of Panuco. The Marquis took the Hacienda de la Sauceda that had belonged to the Jesuits until their expulsion. Currently, this hacienda is a museum exhibiting some of the personal property of this family. In 1825 Cocula and City Hall and in 1833 he was granted the title of city. In 1846 Cocula is head of one of the 28 departments of the State of Jalisco. In 1885 Cocula was named as a political directorship comprising Tecolotlán, Juchitan and Tizapanito towns.[2]
Physical environment
Orography. Most of its surface is composed of semi-flat areas (56%), flat areas (38%) and hilly (6%).In the north is the Cerro de la Pila at a height of 2,100 meters, are located in southernSan Miguel tables and the Los Ositos the hill of Molcajete, The Campanario, The YellowSauz Hill and Las Piedras de Amolar. Then there are the hills: El Tecolote, El Peñón andThe Derramadero, with heights of 1.650 meters to 1.800, and the hills and slopes ranging from 1.450 to 1.600 m.
Soils. The hills located to the east and south Cocula in its mountainous part, are composed ofpredominant soil type Haplic feozem and Pelic vertisol . To the south, near the border ofTecolotlán are chromic luvisol . The flat farmland have Pelic vertisol. The municipality has a land area of 45.198 hectares, of which 14.309 are used for agricultural purposes and 25.342 hectares in livestock also 2.937 hectares are forest use, 400 hectares are urban land and 206 hectares have another use, the rest 2.004, was not specified. 14.079 hectares are private property and 29.115 hectares are ejido. Communal property does not exist, the rest 2.004 hectares was not specified.[3]
Hidrography. Its water resources are provided primarily by streams: Camichines, Prieto and Los Duendes. Include the springs: The Saucillo and El Horno, besides existing gaps and levees: Cofradía The Molino Viejo, Palo Verde, San Jose de la Sauceda and San Joaquin. Is also the dam of El Verde, better known as La Higuera that was built in 1913 by individuals, is located in the municipality of Cocula, their coordinates are 20º24’08 degrees latitude and 103º45’36 degrees longitude. The purpose of this dam is to provide irrigation water bringing a surface irrigation of 190 hectares. His power comes from the aquifer Tecuanetes. This dam serves the communities of La Higuera, Cofradía de la Luz and Cocula. It has capacity to store 1.28 million m3. The curtain of the dam has an overall height of 6.71 m. The crown is the top of the curtain that has a width of 4.00m, the base has a width of 30.84m. The dam has a spillway with a length of 21.90m. According to what is set in the technical sheet of the dam, has a significant degree of danger as in case of flooding 1.425 inhabitants of the community of Cofradia de la Luz located at a distance of approximately 1 km could be affected.[4]
Soils. The hills located to the east and south Cocula in its mountainous part, are composed ofpredominant soil type Haplic feozem and Pelic vertisol . To the south, near the border ofTecolotlán are chromic luvisol . The flat farmland have Pelic vertisol. The municipality has a land area of 45.198 hectares, of which 14.309 are used for agricultural purposes and 25.342 hectares in livestock also 2.937 hectares are forest use, 400 hectares are urban land and 206 hectares have another use, the rest 2.004, was not specified. 14.079 hectares are private property and 29.115 hectares are ejido. Communal property does not exist, the rest 2.004 hectares was not specified.[3]
Hidrography. Its water resources are provided primarily by streams: Camichines, Prieto and Los Duendes. Include the springs: The Saucillo and El Horno, besides existing gaps and levees: Cofradía The Molino Viejo, Palo Verde, San Jose de la Sauceda and San Joaquin. Is also the dam of El Verde, better known as La Higuera that was built in 1913 by individuals, is located in the municipality of Cocula, their coordinates are 20º24’08 degrees latitude and 103º45’36 degrees longitude. The purpose of this dam is to provide irrigation water bringing a surface irrigation of 190 hectares. His power comes from the aquifer Tecuanetes. This dam serves the communities of La Higuera, Cofradía de la Luz and Cocula. It has capacity to store 1.28 million m3. The curtain of the dam has an overall height of 6.71 m. The crown is the top of the curtain that has a width of 4.00m, the base has a width of 30.84m. The dam has a spillway with a length of 21.90m. According to what is set in the technical sheet of the dam, has a significant degree of danger as in case of flooding 1.425 inhabitants of the community of Cofradia de la Luz located at a distance of approximately 1 km could be affected.[4]
Climate. The climate is semiarid, with dry winter and spring, and warm, without heat exchange well-defined winter. The average annual temperature is 19.9 ° C, maximum28.7 ° C and minimum 13.2 ° C. The rainfall recorded in June, July, August and September, with an average rainfall of 808.9 millimeters. The average annual frost is 3.6.The winds blow towards the north.
Flora y Fauna. The vegetation consists mainly of pine, oak, oak, Alizo, tizate, acacia,guácima, arbutus, fir, cedar, ash, willow and mesquite. The deer, bobcat, fox,coyote, skunk, armadillo, rabbit, hare and birds inhabit this region.[5]
Flora y Fauna. The vegetation consists mainly of pine, oak, oak, Alizo, tizate, acacia,guácima, arbutus, fir, cedar, ash, willow and mesquite. The deer, bobcat, fox,coyote, skunk, armadillo, rabbit, hare and birds inhabit this region.[5]
Infrastructure
The media in the municipality are mail, telegraph, telephone, fax, radio signals, television and telephony. The municipality offers its residents the drinking water supply, sewerage, street lighting, markets, cemeteries, roads, cleanliness, public safety, parks and gardensand sports centers.[6]
In relation to culture, recreation and sport, the municipality has civic plaza, parks, gardens, movie theaters, recreation centers and sports centers that collectively have adequate facilities for a variety of sports. There are also natural attractions such as forests located on the edge of the Sierra de Tapalpa.
In relation to culture, recreation and sport, the municipality has civic plaza, parks, gardens, movie theaters, recreation centers and sports centers that collectively have adequate facilities for a variety of sports. There are also natural attractions such as forests located on the edge of the Sierra de Tapalpa.
[1] Estrellita García Fernández/Francisco Guerrero Muñoz, “Haciendas del Valle de Ameca”. Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México, 2007, p.117-127.
[2] Enciclopedia los Municipios de México. Secretaría de Gobernación y Gobierno del Estado de Jalisco. 1988, Cocula, consultado en http://www.e-local.gob.mx/work/templates/enciclo/jalisco/mpios/14024a.htm, fecha de consulta: mayo 2010.
[3] Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (ed.): «Principales resultados por localidad 2005 (ITER)» (2005). INEGI 2008.
[4] Ficha técnica Presa El Verde, CONAGUA, subdirección general de administración de agua, Gerencia de Aguas superficiales e ingeniería de ríos, Subgerencia de seguridad de presas, Censo de Presas, Jalisco, no. 133.
[5] Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (ed.): «Principales resultados por localidad 2005 (ITER)» (2005). INEGI (2008). «Elevaciones Principales». (Sitio oficial: Municipios de Jalisco, Cocula). INEGI (2008). «Mapa de Regiones Hidrológicas». (Sitio oficial: Municipios de Jalisco, Cocula). INEGI (2008). «Mapa de Climas». (Sitio oficial: Municipios de Jalisco, Cocula). INEGI (2008). «Mapa de Temperatura Media Anual». (Sitio oficial: Municipios de Jalisco, Cocula).
[6] Municipio de Cocula, Enciclopedia de los Municipios de Jalisco, Instituto Nacional para el Federalismo y Desarrollo Municipal, Gobierno del Estado de Jalisco, 2005.